Depression

SAN DIEGO -- Emergency department patients who may be suicidal can be identified with a simple tool designed for use by health professionals without a mental health background.

SAN DIEGO -- Despite potential health consequences, the metabolic status of patients appears to have little bearing on clinicians' choices of an atypical antipsychotic agent, said investigators here.

SAN DIEGO -- Antidepressants are widely used to treat depression in bipolar disorder, despite their lack of approval for the indication and limited evidence of efficacy and safety, investigators reported here.

ANAHEIM, Calif. -- Topical testosterone replacement effectively treats post-prostatectomy hypogonadism with no evidence of serious adverse effects, according to a small trial.

SAN DIEGO -- In utero exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors was not significantly associated with the risk for cardiac malformations or persistent pulmonary hypertension, researchers reported here.

SAN DIEGO -- Aripiprazole (Abilify) may be a useful adjunctive therapy in patients with major depressive disorders who have incomplete responses to antidepressants, researchers reported here.

SAN DIEGO -- The novel serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor desvenlafaxine succinate (Pristiq) was significantly superior to placebo in the treatment of anxiety symptoms in depression, results of a pooled analysis showed.

SAN FRANCISCO -- Better communication with the family of dying ICU patients may reduce their stress, anxiety, and depression, French researchers found.

WASHINGTON -- Overweight children with constipation tend to fare worse than their normal-weight counterparts, but the reasons may be more psychological than biological, researchers suggested here.

DRESDEN, Germany -- Treating Parkinson's disease patients with the antioxidant coenzyme (CoQ10) boosts plasma levels of the substance but doesn't improve disease symptoms, reported investigators here.

IOWA CITY -- Most users of herbal supplements are doing it for anything that ails them, ignoring specific claims of efficacy, however tenuous, found investigators here.

WASHINGTON -- An employee health program incorporating a fitness center, health education, and incentives improved workers' cardiovascular health and workplace safety, investigators reported here.

BETHESDA, Md. -- There may be twice as many patients with bipolar spectrum disorders as generally suspected, according to a national survey.

PITTSBURGH -- For women with depression who achieved remission with interpersonal psychotherapy, a monthly therapy booster prevented recurrence over two years, researchers here reported.

SEATTLE -- Emotional wellbeing protects physical health for older adults, researchers said here.

BOSTON -- Migraine headaches among veterans of combat in Iraq indicate a more than twofold risk for depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety, reported military researchers.

ROCKVILLE, Md. -- The FDA asked the makers of all 36 antidepressants today to include young adults ages 18 to 24 in the black box warnings for suicidal thinking and behavior.

ROCHESTER, N.Y. -- A mouse with an induced migraine also appear to be suffering brain damage similar to transient ischemic attacks, suggest researchers here.

DETROIT -- Asthma symptom control for urban African-American teens appears to improve via an Internet-based program tailored for them specifically, researchers here found.

abstract: Proper assessment of the child's readiness for extubation and preparation for extubation are essential to minimize the need for reintubation and to maximize the child's safety in the periextubation period. Readiness for extubation requires that the child have adequate respiratory drive, the ability to maintain a patent airway, adequate oxygenation, and ability to ventilate spontaneously. Respiratory drive can be assessed by decreasing the ventilator settings to a minimal level and observing the child's respiratory effort and respiration rate. Evidence of increased work of breathing, such as tachypnea, retractions, and nasal flaring, suggests that the child may not be ready for extubation. If stridor and respiratory distress develop after the endotracheal tube is removed, nebulized racemic epinephrine is often quite effective; in addition, intravenous corticosteroids should be administered for 24 hours to help decrease the edema more quickly. (J Respir Dis. 2007;28(5):203-207)

The headaches vary in severity, but she usually has severeheadaches (8 on a 10-point visual analog scale[VAS]) once or twice a week; she describes the latter assevere throbbing or pounding pain on the top of thehead but also involving the occipital and frontalareas and occasionally one or the other temple.

ABSTRACT: Many patients with diabetes are anxious or fearful about the disease. These negative emotions stem in part from the fact that the patient is responsible for many facets of diabetes management, such as exercise, dietary modification, and blood glucose measurement. For example, failure to adhere to a regimen may engender guilt. Up to 30% of patients with diabetes are depressed, and hemoglobin A1c levels are higher in such patients. Even patients with good metabolic control may not be doing well psychologically. It is thus essential to ask about patients' concerns and fears, identify their psychosocial needs, and provide emotional support.

ABSTRACT: In addition to appropriate pharmacotherapy and assistance with smoking cessation, a secondary prevention plan should include counseling about a heart-healthy diet, a structured exercise program and/or increased physical activity, and assessment of psychosocial risk factors, such as depression. Advise patients to reduce their intake of salt, sugars, refined carbohydrates, and saturated and trans fats; incorporate more fruits, vegetables, and fish into their diet; and balance caloric intake and physical activity to achieve and maintain a body mass index between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2. Cardiorespiratory fitness is the key to cardioprotection; the threshold for improving it in persons with coronary heart disease is about 70% of the mea-sured maximal heart rate. Encourage patients to engage in multiple short bouts of physical activity daily, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator or walking the dog. Among previously sedentary persons, this approach has effects on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and coronary risk factors similar to those of a structured exercise program.

ABSTRACT: Patients who experience an acute myocardial infarction (MI) are at very high risk for recurrent cardiovascular events. Both site-supervised and home-based cardiac rehabilitation programs can effectively reduce all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Start risk factor reduction as soon as possible; pharmacotherapy is best initiated while patients are still in the hospital. All patients who have had an MI should receive aspirin, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and a ß-blocker, unless these agents are contraindicated or are not tolerated. Prescribe aggressive lipid-lowering therapy to bring patients' low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels to below 70 mg/dL. For smokers, quitting is the single most important change they can make to reduce future risk of MI.

SAN FRANCISCO -- Dysphoric mania and other mixed mania states of bipolar disorder will become easier to diagnose with better definitions, a researcher said here.

SAN FRANCISCO -- A significant number of patients with major depression also suffer from chronic insomnia that hampers recovery, and treating the insomnia may improve both conditions.

SAN FRANCISCO -- Remission rates remain low for major depression even with multiple antidepressant drug classes available, but the recently approved selegiline patch (Emsam) aims to bring the rates up.

BOSTON -- The anti-angina drug ranolazine (Ranexa) is safe in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS), but it doesn't reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events.

GRONINGEN, The Netherlands -- Cognitive behavior counseling for families and spouses bereaved by suicide helped relieve feelings of blame but failed to reduce complicated grief or depression, researchers here reported.

COLUMBUS, OH -- Antidepressants for children and teenagers with depression or anxiety disorders have benefits that may outweigh their risks, according to a large meta-analysis.