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Livedo Reticularis: A Classic Presentation
Livedo reticularis is the cutaneous manifestation most frequently associated with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). It manifests as a dusky, violaceous vascular discoloration with a reticulated pattern on the upper and lower extremities.
Livedo reticularis (Figure) is the cutaneous manifestation most frequently associated with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). It manifests as a dusky, violaceous vascular discoloration with a reticulated pattern on the upper and lower extremities.2
Livedo reticularis is not specific for APS, however, and can occur in other conditions, including connective-tissue diseases and infections, and as a normal variant. Other cutaneous findings in APS include necrotizing vasculitis, livedoid vasculitis, ulcers, thrombophlebitis, cutaneous necrosis and gangrene, and painful skin nodules.2 APS may be managed with aspirin, prednisone, and/or warfarin.
